Future of Aviation Industry

ABSTRACT:
The paper highlights the Future of Aviation Industry. This report sets out the findings of a study exploring the forces shaping the longer term of aviation, and appears at the potential implications for the airline industry. It also discusses the issues and challenges of Indian aviation industry. The paper concludes by providing some suggestions over innovations in future which in return will help the Aviation Industry. 
INTRODUCTION:
Over the past 30 years the airline industry has seen a number of changes, such as the increased market share of low-cost carriers (LCCs) as well as facing its fair share of challenges, from volcanoes erupting to infectious disease outbreaks. The next 30 years are likely to be more turbulent, as a new wave of technological change and innovation unfurls. Some see this wave sweeping the airline industry away, citing as precedents the taxi industry before Uber arrived, the music industry before internet downloads, and the printing industry before computer design software and technology is not the only source of disruption. The UK’s Brexit and the presidential election in the United States remind us that politics can always spring surprises. As a worldwide industry, subject also to national-level regulation, the airline industry is very sensitive to such surprises: will, for instance the united kingdom still be party to existing European legislation governing airlines or will they need to renew agreements with European, US and other countries or will the new airline entrants take over.
In this context, this study began by exploring the question:
What are the key drivers of change that IATA and airlines should be 
brooding about to organize for future opportunities and challenges over subsequent 20 years?
During an online assessment exercise carried out by IATA, respondents identified 13 drivers that (a) were likely to have a high impact on the sector out to 2035 and (b) where there was a high level of uncertainty as to what that impact would be. These drivers indicated ‘critical uncertainties’ that we would reflect in the scenario development
Drivers assessed as having greater than average impact and uncertainty
 • Alternative fuels and energy sources
• Cybersecurity
• Environmental activism
• Extreme weather events
• Geopolitical (in)stability
• Infectious disease and pandemics
• International regulation of emissions and noise pollution
 • Level of Integration along air-industry supply chain
• New modes of consumption
 • Price of oil
• Strength and volatility of the global economy
• Tensions between data privacy and surveillance
• Terrorism 
Body:

The aviation industry may be a massive global economic contributor, supporting many jobs and transporting billions of passengers. It’s laid the groundwork for a few of history’s most vital technological, design and engineering breakthroughs. Despite ongoing challenges the airlines face operationally, the longer term of aviation will see the industry still adapt and find innovative solutions within the areas of technology, environment and safety.
Air transportation is growing increasingly accessible and desirable because of an interconnected global community and a thriving tourism sector combined with a robust safety record. The industry employs an estimated 65.5 million workers globally, with 10.8 million of these jobs being indirect suppliers to the aviation industry, like parts manufacturers.
The aviation industry is experiencing tremendous growth and must adapt to ongoing challenges that accompany explosive expansion. Aviation industry professionals and experts are often better equipped to navigate these changes and leverage them successfully by being conscious of the highest trends forecasting the longer term of aviation.
Aviation industry trends impact airline models, customer satisfaction and job markets. Technology-based trends and advancements help improve aircraft maintenance, design and safety. Future trends in aviation also are determined by regulatory and political factors like environmental and safety requirements also as international trade relations.
Knowing what aviation future trends are on the increase and the way they impact the industry is vital to maintaining the world’s reliance on flight transportation. Here are the highest aviation future trends impacting the industry.

1. Servicing Niche Markets

Like every other wide-serving industry, aviation must adapt its conventional business model to satisfy changing consumer demands. Strategically diversifying the normal business model will allow airlines to satisfy passengers, maximize international trade and serve potential niche markets that are currently underserved.
As air transport becomes increasingly accessible to more people with rising incomes, airline companies are looking to serve specific niche markets with revised revenue models. Here are a number of the niche markets the aviation industry is shifting toward within the way forward for aviation business:

• Low-Cost Carriers: Low-cost carriers (LCC) are hardly a new concept in the aviation world, as no-frills, discount air travel has been available for decades. However, what’s predicted to expand is that the sheer volume of low-cost airline companies available to consumers, also because the selection of routes. LCCs wont to be solely reserved for short-distance flights, but industry business experts predict that long-haul LCC options will increase because of the event of more LCC hubs around the world.

• Premium Economy: Consumers are increasingly seeking a middle-ground option between luxurious-yet-expensive business class and affordable-but-cramped economy seating. Many airlines are now offering Premium Economy seating options, which give passengers additional legroom and a few extra perks for a further fee. The limited availability of Premium Economy seating on airlines drives demand within a selected consumer segment looking to extend their comfort while still keeping within their budget. This future aviation trend will likely expand further, particularly within long-haul and transcontinental routes.

• Air Cargo: Global trade is driving the increase in air cargo demand — primarily in the Asia-Pacific region. That’s because household incomes and population within the area are rising as are the region’s manufacturing and distribution sectors. However, increased geopolitical friction and therefore the restriction of trade between countries could impede growth in air cargo despite it being economically poised for expansion. As long as governments maintain cooperative infrastructure between countries, air cargo might be a serious economic aviation trend.

2.Fuel Efficiency and Environmental Protection

The aviation industry’s impact on the environment and human health has been under the microscope for the past several decades. The airline industry has been largely scrutinized as a big contributor to global carbon emissions despite it accounting for less than 2% of the world’s total amount.
In response to global priorities on minimizing CO2 emissions, aviation industry associations like IATA, individual airline companies and various airline councils 
round the world are working to develop broad-based environmental policies that improve airline eco-efficiency and sustainability on a worldwide level.
IATA is instrumental in developing 
the quality policies that address environmental impact, assisting airlines in improving environmental performance and educating airlines about how they will reduce CO2 emissions and other measurable effects. The organization has set ambitious industry goals that reflect their priority specialise in environmental sustainability. For example, one among IATA’s key objectives is to scale back net CO2 emissions by 50% by the year 2050 compared to its 2005 levels.
Given its significant emphasis and potential role in environmental protection, here are 
a number of the innovative solutions the industry is employing to satisfy this aviation future trend:
 
·         Biofuels: Biofuels aren’t just a trend. They’re a reality for several airlines currently operating regular routes. Biofuels are added to existing jet engine fuel, limiting the amount of new CO2 emissions released into the environment. Alaska Airlines, Air Canada, KLM and Qantas are all usingused cooking oil as a biofuel on regularly operating routes.
·         Fuel Efficient Engines: Many airlines are investing in new aircraft engines that are highly fuel-efficient. By modernizing their fleets, airlines can significantly reduce the amount of jet fuel being used, thereby reducing their emission levels.
·         Carbon Offsetting: Airlines are asking their customers to help support the industry in its mission of reducing environmental impact by partnering with environmental protection organizations. Some forward-thinking airlines are now offering their customers the opportunity to make donations to reforestation fundsor wildlife preservation groups.
3. Steady Job Growth
The global aviation industry is expected to undergo significant job growth to meet the needs propelled by several other aviation industry future trends. According to the results from an IATA survey administered to international Human Resources professionals in the aviation industry, 75% of respondents expect there will be an increase in jobs in ground operations, customer service and cabin crew roles over the next two years.
The industry is set to experience this employment growth thanks to the following aviation industry job trends:
·         Increased Aircraft Maintenance: Airlines are tightening up their aircraft maintenance programs and spending more money on advanced maintenance technology. As a result, airlines are expected to hire more aviation mechanics who can meet the increased workload. To support employment retention in this job role, airlines are looking to improve their training and development efforts as well as salary and benefits packages to keep and attract talented aircraft technicians and provide long-term job satisfaction.
·         Retiring Baby Boomer Mechanics: Many of the industry’s current aviation mechanics experts are baby boomers retiring in droves and needing to be replaced by a new generation of aviation engineers and mechanics. This, combined with the increased need for maintenance technology, means young people entering the workforce are wise to pursue aviation mechanics and engineering programs to lead them into an exciting career path.
·         A Developing Pilot Shortage: In addition to baby boomers retiring from the maintenance side of the industry, they are also retiring from the pilot side. This leaves a tremendous gap in the number of qualified pilots who can fly for the airlines as well as other sectors of the industry, such as business aviation and even the military. According to Boeing’s forecast, North America alone will require over 200,000 pilots industry-wide over the next 20 years. Worldwide, that total ends up close to 800,000, making it an ideal time to consider a career as a pilot as well.
4. Implementing Passenger Biometrics
Being such an important aspect of aviation , no other aspect of aviation features a greater got to embrace new technology to streamline processes than airport security. The challenge, however, has always been how do airports efficiently process so many travellers without compromising a standard of high security? The field of biometrics could help the aviation industry achieve both.
Biometrics is that the technology utilized in surveillance and identification that has got to do with body calculations and measurements. With this technology, airport security can screen and identify passengers quicker and more accurately to assist shorten line lengths and wait times. Some of the calculations and measurements that biometrics takes under consideration include:
·         Fingerprint matching
·         Retina scanning
·         Facial recognition 

Biometric scanners can be used at the gate to help board passengers faster and keep the lines moving quickly. Biometrics is set to be an important aviation industry trend — not just for improving efficiency, but for improving travel safety as well.
 

5. Cockpit Connectivity

Aviation is an intensely complex operation, requiring countless on-the-spot decisions to be made whenever a flight lands and gets ready for take-off again. Improved communication can help ground operators make smarter decisions, particularly within the area of managing flight delays and cancellations and therefore the ripple effect that such events cause through the airline’s operations. How airlines achieve this communication is with cockpit connectivity.
Cockpit connectivity may be a term wont to describe a growing aviation industry trend regarding the communication between what’s happening within the cockpit and the way the team on the bottom is affected by it. Having aircraft found out with cockpit connectivity helps ground operators know beforehand what sorts of decisions they’ll need to make when the aircraft lands.
Being connected to the cockpit helps operators know the status of varied vital metrics, allowing them to form real-time decisions and improve efficiency. Essentially, cockpit connectivity and therefore the ability for the aircraft to speak with ground-service crew members is important for 2 main reasons:
·         Avoiding Flight Plan Disruptions: Decisions to delay flight times or cancel flights entirely get made based on several factors, including what maintenance the plane will need when it lands and how much refuelling it will require. If ground operators have access to cockpit data about the flight’s operations and other metrics, it allows the entire team to respond and minimize the impact of delayed flights or cancellations.
·         Mitigating the Impact of Flight Cancellations: When one flight is delayed, canceled or diverted, it cascades down the line to subsequent flights that then experience delays and cancellations. Cockpit connectivity mitigates this chain reaction and allows crew members at multiple affected airports to come up with a revised plan.
Though setting up the infrastructure required for successful cockpit connectivity is a considerable investment, savvy airlines are adopting this technology because they see the economic payback it delivers from customer satisfaction and resource management 
CONCLUSION:
As we begin a new decade, the aviation industry has much to look forward to. With the ever-increasing demand for flight and innovative new technologies on the horizon, the new coming years are set to be very exciting. Nevertheless, to achieve its potential, airlines, airports and subsidiary companies need to overcome the challenges of the aviation industry sooner rather than later.
This wave of innovations in aviation will surely impact the wider transport sector as well as the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. These concepts show some examples of what the future has in store – from moving people to delivering packages – the innovations are truly amazing.
If we want this future to become a reality - we need to ensure that everyone communicates and collaborates to make effective use of these innovations.

The future of mobility is literally taking off!

Samruddhi Verlekar [MBA HR]
Manager HR  
AirCrews Aviation Pvt Ltd
SamruddhiVerlekar@AircrewsAviation.com

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