Types Of Aircraft
Civil Aircraft
1) Jetliners
2) Turboprop
3) Piston
-Jetliners-
Airbus-
1) Airbus A300
About the A300
The Airbus A300 is a wide-body airliner developed and manufactured by Airbus. In September 1967, aircraft manufacturers in the United Kingdom, France, and West Germany signed a memorandum of understanding to develop a large airliner,in simpler words it was a joint effort to beat the american rival Boeing.
-SPECIFICATIONS-
Produced from 1971-2007
Engines-General Electric CF6
-Pratt & Whitney JT9D engines
Range-7,500 km / 4,050 nm
Seating Capacity-345
Fuselage Length-54.08 m (177.4 ft)
Wing Span-44.84 m (147.1 ft)
Cruise Speed-450 kn; 833 km/h; 518 mph
Max. Payload-41,374 kg (91,214 lb)
Max. Take-off Weight-171,700 kg (378,534 lb)
Max. Take-off Weight-140,000 kg (308,647 lb)
Max. Zero Fuel Weight-130,000 kg (286,601 lb)
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2)Airbus A310
About the A310
The Airbus A310 is a wide-body aircraft, designed and manufactured by Airbus Industries, then a consortium of European aerospace manufacturers. Airbus had identified a demand for an aircraft smaller than the A300, the first twin-jet wide-body
-SPECIFICATIONS-
Produced From 1983-1998
Engines-General Electric CF6-80C2
PW4000 Pratt & Whitney
Range-8,050 km / 4346 nm
Seating Capacity-280
Fuselage Length-46.66 m / 153 ft 1 in
Wing Span-43.90 m / 144 ft 0 in
Cruise Speed-450 kn; 833 km/h; 518 mph
(METRIC)
Max ramp weight 150.9 164.9 tonnes
Max take-off weight 150 164 tonnes
Max landing weight 140 tonnes
Max zero fuel weight 113 114 tonnes
Max fuel capacity 61 070 (75 470) litres
(IMPERIAL)
Max ramp weight 132.7 363.5 lb x 1000
Max take-off weight 330.7 361.6 lb x 1000
Max landing weight 308.6 lb x 1000
Max zero fuel weight 249.1 251.3 lb x 1000
Max fuel capacity 16 130 (19 940) USG
ECONOMIC ADVANTAGES
Airbus’ A310 is the most profitable jetliner in its class, with lower operating costs and better economy than any other airliner in the 200-seat category. Since its service entry in 1983, the aircraft has provided maximum flexibility for operators – flying short-, medium- and extended-range routes with a high-degree of reliability.
The groundbreaking A310 accommodates between 190 and 230 passengers in a typical three-class layout, at a range of up to 5,200 nautical miles. The A310’s two engine options – General Electric’s CF6-80C2 and the PW4000 from Pratt & Whitney provide reduced fuel-burn along with lower noise levels and CO2 emissions.
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3)Airbus A318
About the A318
The Airbus A318 is the smallest and least numerous variant airliner of the Airbus A320 family. The A318 carries 107 to 132 passengers and has a maximum range of 5,750 kilometres. Final assembly of the aircraft took place in Hamburg, Germany. It is intended primarily for short-range service
-SPECIFICATIONS-
Produced From 2001-2013
Engines-CFM56-5B
-Pratt & Whitney PW6000
Range-5,700 km / 3077.754 nm
Seating Capacity-110
Fuselage Length-31.44m / 103 ft 2 in
Wing Span-34.10 m / 111 ft 11 in
Cruise Speed-828 km/h / 447.084 kn / 514 mph
(METRIC)
Max ramp weight 68.40 tonnes
Max take-off weight 68.00 tonnes
Max landing weight 57.50 tonnes
Max zero fuel weight 54.50 tonnes
Max fuel capacity 24 210 litres
(IMPERIAL)
Max ramp weight 150.80 lb x 1000
Max take-off weight 149.90 lb x 1000
Max landing weight 126.80 lb x 1000
Max zero fuel weight 120.2 lb x 1000
Max fuel capacity 6 400 USG
UNIQUE CAPABILITIES
The A318’s cabin is flexible enough to deliver a range of options, allowing it to fulfil several roles. As the largest commercial aircraft certified to land at steeper-than-usual gradients, it is ideal for operations at such constrained locations as downtown airports – translating to significant cost and time savings for business travellers. Since 2009, British Airways has been operating A318s with “steep approach” capability from the in-close London City Airport to New York's JFK International Airport.
These aircraft are equipped for premium service with seats that convert into full lie-flat beds, along with OnAir connectivity for passengers showing that even the smallest member of the A320 Family needn’t compromise on luxury and amenities.
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4)Airbus A319
About the A319
The A319 is a shortened-fuselage variant of the Airbus A320 and entered service in April 1996 with Swissair, around two years after the stretched Airbus A321 and eight years after the original A320. The aircraft shares a common type rating with all other Airbus A320 family variants, allowing existing A320 family pilots to fly the aircraft without the need for further training
-SPECIFICATIONS-
Produced from 1994-2021
Engines-CFM56-5B
-IAE V2500A5
Range-3,750 nm / 6,940 km
Seating Capacity-156
Fuselage Length-33.84 m / 111 ft
Wingspan-35.80 m / 117 ft
Cruise Speed-828 km/h / 447 kn / 514 mph
(METRIC)
Max ramp weight 75.90 tonnes
Max take-off weight 75.50 tonnes
Max landing weight 62.50 tonnes
Max zero fuel weight 58.50 tonnes
Max fuel capacity 30 190 litres
(IMPERIAL)
Max ramp weight 167.30 lb x 1000
Max take-off weight 166.40 lb x 1000
Max landing weight 137.80 lb x 1000
Max zero fuel weight 129.00 lb x 1000
Max fuel capacity 7 980 USG
WINGTIP DEVICES
The Sharklet wingtip devices for Airbus’ A320 Family – of which the A319 is a member – are part of a long-term enhancement programme to ensure Airbus’ single-aisle aircraft product line remains highly competitive, efficient and airport-friendly for years to come.
Sharklets provide aerodynamic improvements that result in multiple benefits for operators, including a 15 per cent lower fuel burn, reduced emissions, increased range and payload, better take-off performance and rate-of-climb, higher optimum altitude and reduced engine maintenance costs.
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5)Airbus A320
About the A320
The Airbus A320 is a series of narrow-body airliners developed and produced by Airbus. The A320 was launched in March 1984, first flew on 22 February 1987, and was introduced in April 1988 by Air France. The first member of the family was followed by the longer A321, the shorter A319, and the even shorter A318
-SPECIFICATIONS-
Produced From 1984-present (2022)
Engines-CFM International CFM56
-Pratt & Whitney PW1000G
-IAE V2500
-CFM International LEAP
Range-6,300 km / 3,400 nm
Seating Capacity-194
Fuselage Length-37.57 m / 123 ft 3 in
Wingspan-35.80 m / 117 ft 5 in
Cruise Speed-828KPH / 511 MPH / 447 kn
(METRIC)
Max ramp weight 79.40 tonnes
Max take-off weight 79.00 tonnes
Max landing weight 67.40 tonnes
Max zero fuel weight 64.30 tonnes
Max fuel capacity 26 730 litres
(IMPERIAL)
Max ramp weight 175.00 lb x 1000
Max take-off weight 174.20 lb x 1000
Max landing weight 148.60 lb x 1000
Max zero fuel weight 141.80 lb x 1000
Max fuel capacity 7 060 USG
FLY-BY-WIRE COMMONALITY
The A320 shares the same fly-by-wire digital flight controls and cabin management systems with the other versions in Airbus’ single-aisle aircraft family.
This commonality helps reduce the cost of pilot training and scheduling, while also lowering operations and maintenance costs. A pilot qualified on the A320 can fly any other member of the A320 Family with the Common Type Rating. Their ability to transition to Airbus’ widebody fly-by-wire A330, A350 and A380 aircraft is also even easier with the Cross-Crew-Qualification (CCQ).
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6)Airbus A321
About the A321
Image result for a321
The Airbus A321 is a powerful airplane that is a member of the A320 family. These are all narrow-body planes that feature twin engines. The A321 is the first derivative of the original A320 and is loaded with great features that make it a comfortable plane for travel.
-SPECIFICATIONS-
Produced From 1992–Present (2022)
Engines-CFM International CFM56
-IAE V2500
Range-5,930 km / 3201 nm
Seating Capacity-244
Fuselage Length-44.51 m / 146 ft 0 in
Wingspan-35.80 m / 117 ft 5 in
Cruise Speed-833 km/h / 517.602 mph / 449 kn
(METRIC)
Max ramp weight 97.40 tonnes
Max take-off weight 97.00 tonnes
Max landing weight 79.20 tonnes
Max zero fuel weight 75.60 tonnes
Max fuel capacity 32 940 litres
(IMPERIAL)
Max ramp weight 214.70 lb x 1000
Max take-off weight 213.80 lb x 1000
Max landing weight 174.60 lb x 1000
Max zero fuel weight 166.70 lb x 1000
Max fuel capacity 8 700 USG
PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT WITH THE NEO VERIANTS
The industry-leading quality and efficiency of Airbus’ A320 Family has been further enhanced with its NEO versions.
NEO provides minimum change with maximum benefit through the availability of two advanced engine choices – CFM International’s LEAP-1A and Pratt & Whitney’s PurePower PW1100G-JM geared turbofan, along with Airbus’ fuel-saving Sharklet™ wingtip devices. Together, they bring per-seat fuel improvements of 20%, along with additional range of up to 500nm or two tonnes of extra payload.
Airbus expanded the A321neo’s seating capacity with the optimised use of cabin space, increased exit limits and a new cabin door configuration. Called the “Cabin-Flex,” it increases the jetliner’s maximum certified capacity to 244 seats, while still accommodating Airbus’ modern comfort standard of seats that are at least 18 inches wide.
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8)Airbus A330
About The A330
The Airbus A330 is a wide-body aircraft developed and produced by Airbus. Airbus conceived several derivatives of the A300, its first airliner in the mid-1970s. Then the company began development on the A330 twinjet in parallel with the A340 quadjet and launched both designs with their first orders in June 1987
-SPECIFICATIONS-
Produced From 1992–present
Engines-Rolls Royce Trent 700
-Pratt & Whitney PW4000
-General Electric CF6
Range-11,750 km / 6,344 nm
Seating Capacity-460
Fuselage Length-63.66 m / 208 ft 10 in
Wingspan-64 m / 210 ft 0 in
Cruise Speed-871 km/h / 541 mph / 470 kn
(METRIC)
Max ramp weight 251.90 tonnes
Max take-off weight 251.00 tonnes
Max landing weight 191.0 tonnes
Max zero fuel weight 181.00 tonnes
Max fuel capacity 139 090 litres
(IMPERIAL)
Max ramp weight 555.40 lb x 1000
Max take-off weight 553.4 lb x 1000
Max landing weight 421.08 lb x 1000
Max zero fuel weight 399.00 lb x 1000
Max fuel capacity 36 750 USG
THE MID-SIZE WIDEBODY WITH LOWEST SEAT-MILE COSTS
It is a versatile platform that delivers highly efficient performance for airlines, from short-haul segments to long-range routes over distances of up to 7,200nm.
Key enhancements include the latest-generation Rolls-Royce Trent 7000 engines, along with new technologies and multiple aerodynamic improvements such as new composite winglet devices that extend the wingspan by four metres to generate increased lift and reduce drag.
Designed to be efficient on any sector length, the A330-900 reduces fuel consumption and CO2 emissions by 25% compared to previous generation aircraft, and offers double digit cost advantages per seat, providing airlines with more revenue opportunities
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9)Airbus A350
About The A350
The Airbus A350 is a long-range, wide-body airliner developed and produced by Airbus. The first A350 design proposed by Airbus in 2004, in response to the Boeing 787 Dreamliner, would have been a development of the A330 with composite wings and new engines
-SPECIFICATIONS-
Produced From 2016-Present
Engines-Rolls-Royce Trent XWB
Range-15,372 km / 8,300 nm
Seating Capacity-440
Fuselage Length-66.80 m / 219 ft 2 in
Wingspan-64.75 m / 212 ft 5 in
Cruise Speed-903 kmh / 561 mph / 487 kn
(METRIC)
Max ramp weight 283.90 tonnes
Max take-off weight 283.00 tonnes
Max landing weight 207.00 tonnes
Max zero fuel weight 195.70 tonnes
Max fuel capacity 166 488 litres
(IMPERIAL)
Max ramp weight 625.90 lb x 1000
Max take-off weight 623.90 lb x 1000
Max landing weight 456.40 lb x 1000
Max zero fuel weight 431.40 lb x 1000
Max fuel capacity 43 981 USG
UNMATCHED TRENT XWB ENGINE
The Trent XWB design, using the latest technology, materials and benefitting from over seventy million hours of Trent family in-service experience and with unequalled on-wing reliability, has delivered the world’s most efficient large aero engine flying today.
Its three-shaft design concept is unique to Rolls-Royce and provides better reliability, durability and performance retention.
Further fuel burn and associated cost savings are the result of the Rolls-Royce Trent XWB engine being specifically developed to power the A350 Family.
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10)Airbus A340
About The A340
The Airbus A340 is a long-range, wide-body passenger airliner that was developed and produced by Airbus. In the mid-1970s, Airbus conceived several derivatives of the A300, its first airliner, and developed the A340 quadjet in parallel with the A330 twinjet
-SPECIFICATIONS-
Produced From 1991-2012
Engines-Rolls-Royce Trent 500
Range- 14,450 km / 7,802 nm
Seating Capacity-475
Fuselage Length-75.36 m / 247 ft 3 in
Wingspan-63.45 m / 208 ft 2 in
Cruise Speed-871 kmh / 470 kn
(METRIC)
Max ramp weight 381.20 tonnes
Max take-off weight 380.00 tonnes
Max landing weight 265.00 tonnes
Max zero fuel weight 251.00 tonnes
Max fuel capacity 204 500 litres
(IMPERIAL)
Max ramp weight 840.40 lb x 1000
Max take-off weight 837.80 lb x 1000
Max landing weight 584.20 lb x 1000
Max zero fuel weight 553.20 lb x 1000
Max fuel capacity 54 020 USG
LONGEST FUSELAGE
The super-stretch A340-600 is Airbus’ longest jetliner operating today, with an overall fuselage length of 75.36 metres. The aircraft’s capacity is between 320 and 370 seats in a typical layout, with up to 475 passengers accommodated in a high-density configuration – providing an ideal mix of capacity and efficiency for operators across the globe.
INCREASED RANGE
Airbus’ A340-600 is an ultra-long-haul leader, with a range of 7,900 nautical miles.
The jetliner’s four Rolls-Royce Trent 500 engines use only 56,000 lbs. of their certified 60,000 lbs. of thrust, resulting in longer on-wing lives. Furthermore, the use of four engines – as opposed to two larger ones – allows for a 13 per cent reduction in maintenance costs for operators.
In terms of range, the A340-600 offers unmatched operational flexibility on non-stop flights over remote areas such as oceans and mountain ranges, allowing for operations that are not subject to ETOPS (Extended-range Twin-engine Operational Performance Standards) regulations. This enables airlines to fly more direct routes – even long distances over water or on segments far from airports – saving travel time and cutting fuel consumption.
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10)Airbus A380
About The A380
The Airbus A380 is a large wide-body airliner that was developed and produced by Airbus. It is the world's largest passenger airliner and only full-length double-deck jet airliner
-SPECIFICATIONS-
Produced From 2007-2019
Engines-Rolls Royce Trent 900
-Engine Alliance GP7000
Range-15,200 km / 8,207 nm
Seating Capacity-520
Fuselage Length-72.7 m / 238 ft 0 in
Wingspan-79.8 m / 261 ft 0 in
Cruise Speed-903 kmh / 487 kn
(WEIGHTS)
Maximum Ramp Weight 562,000kg (1,238,998lb)
Maximum Take-off Weight 560,000kg (1,234,600lb)
Maximum Landing Weight 386,000kg (850,984lb)
Maximum Zero Fuel Weight 361,000kg (795869lb)
Maximum Fuel Capacity 320,000 Litres (84,535 U.S. Gallons)
TECHNOLOGY HIGHLIGHTS
Sidestick control: The A380 may be the largest airliner ever built, but a pilot who has flown an aircraft of the A320, A330/A340 or A350 Families will feel right at home in its cockpit. For example, the A380's sidestick control – introduced with full fly-by-wire by Airbus on the A320 is the same distance from the throttle as on other Airbus passenger aircraft.
Braking: The Brake-to-Vacate system helps ease airport congestion and reduce the amount of time an aircraft remains on the runway. Enabling pilots to select a runway exit while the aircraft is making its landing approach, Brake-to-Vacate uses the auto-flight, flight controls, and auto-brake systems to regulate deceleration after touchdown. This allows the aircraft to reach a specified exit at the correct speed under optimum conditions. The system is an additional safety measure that helps to avoid runway excursions.
Rudraksh Kapooria [Grade 9]
The Shishukunj International School, Indore
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