Aero Radio Telephone Procedure
What is Radio Telephone Procedure?
Radiotelephony procedure (also on-air protocol and voice procedure) includes various
techniques used to clarify, simplify and standardize spoken communications over two-way
radios, in use by the armed forces, in civil aviation, police and fire dispatching systems, citizens' band radio (CB), and amateur radio.
Voice procedure communications are intended to maximize clarity of spoken communication and reduce errors in the verbal message by use of an accepted nomenclature. It consists of a signaling protocol such as the use of abbreviated codes like the CB radio ten-code, Q codes in amateur radio and aviation, police codes, etc., and jargon.
A variety of portable handheld two-way radios for private use.
Radiotelephony procedures encompass international regulations, official procedures, technical standards, and commonly understood conventions intended to ensure efficient, reliable, and interoperable communications via all modes of radio communications. The most well-developed and public procedures are contained in the Combined Communications
Electronics Board's Allied Communications Procedure
These procedures consist of many different components. The three most important ones are:
Voice procedures-what to say
Speech technique-how to say it
Microphone technique-how to say it into a microphone
Naval air traffic controller communicates with aircraft over two way radio headset
Voice procedure is designed to provide the fastest and most accurate method of speech transmission. All messages should be pre-planned, brief and straightforward. Ideally, messages should be written down: even brief notes reduce the risk of error. Messages should be constructed clearly and logically in order not to confuse the recipient.
Voice procedure is necessary because:
1. Speech on a congested voice net must be clear, concise and unambiguous. To avoid interference between speech and data, it will often be expedient to assign the passage of data traffic to logistic or admin nets rather than to those directly associated with command and control.
2. It must be assumed that all transmissions will be intercepted by a portion of the civilian population. The use of a standard procedure will help reduce the threat of spreading rumors or creating panic among those not involved in an emergency response.
3. Some form of discipline is needed to ensure that transmissions do not overlap; if two people send traffic at the same time, the result is chaos.
There are several main methods of communication over radio, and they should be used in this order of preference:
Procedure words Standard (predefined) phraseology (for most things in aviation and maritime use)
Plain language dialogue (for things that can't be handled by phraseology)
Formal messages
Narrative messages
Dialogue (normal conversation)
Brevity codes, including Ten-codes, and Phillips Code; and operating signals, including 92 code, Q code, and Z code; should be used as a last choice, as these lists of codes are so extensive that it is unlikely that all participants have the full and correct definitions memorized. All of those listed here except the ten-code are designed exclusively for use in Morse code or teletypewriter use and are thus unsuitable for use on voice circuits.
Two way radio in a fire truck used by firefighters to communicate with their dispatcher
Duplex means two channels are used: one in each direction.
Frequency separation: input-output:
There is no established guideline for the spacing of input and output frequencies on all radio repeaters. Any separation where the designer can achieve adequate isolation between the receiver and transmitter will suffice.
In some countries, radio stations must adhere to agreed-upon norms or separations mandated by the system license. For example, consider input and output frequencies in the United States:
Amateur repeaters in the 144-148 MHz band typically use a 600 kHz (0.6 MHz) separation, whereas those in the 1.25-meter band use a 1.6 MHz separation, 420-450 MHz repeaters use a 5 MHz separation, and 902-928 MHz repeaters use a 25 MHz separation.
Systems in the 450-470 MHz band have a 5 MHz separation, with the input at the higher frequency. For example, the input frequency is 456.900 MHz, but the output frequency is 451.900 MHz.
Systems in the 806–869 MHz band use a 45 MHz separation with the input on the lower frequency. Example: input is 810.1875 MHz; output is 855.1875 MHz.
Military systems should employ a separation of at least 10 MHz.
Motorola MOTOTRBO Repeater DR3000 with duplexer mounted in Flightcase, 100% Duty cycle up to 40 W output.
A repeater is an automatic radio relay station that is typically positioned on a mountaintop, tall structure, or radio tower. It enables communication between two or more bases, mobile or portable stations that are otherwise unable to interact directly owing to distance or impediments.
The repeater receives on one radio frequency (the "input" frequency), demodulates the signal, and then re-transmits it on the "output" frequency. All stations that use the repeater transmit on the input frequency and receive on the output frequency. Because the repeater is normally positioned at a higher height than the other radios that use it, their range is significantly increased.
Because the transmitter and receiver are active at the same time, isolation is required to prevent the repeater's own transmitter from weakening the repeater receiver. If the repeater transmitter and receiver are not properly segregated, the repeater's own transmitter will desensitize the repeater reception. The situation is analogous to being at a rock concert and being unable to hear the faint signal of a conversation over the much greater signal of the band.
In general, isolating the receiver from the transmitter is made easier by increasing the spacing between input and output frequencies to the greatest extent possible.
When using a repeater, mobile stations must transmit at a different frequency than the repeater output. Although the repeater site must be capable of simultaneous reception and transmission (on two different frequencies), mobile stations can only operate in one mode at a time, alternating between receiving and transmitting; thus, mobile stations do not require the bulky and expensive filters found at a repeater site. Mobile stations may have the option of selecting a "talk around" mode, which allows them to transmit and receive on the same frequency; this is sometimes used for local communication within the mobile units' range.
Jesvita Melisha Mendonca
HR Team
Flying-Crews.com
Linktree:
https://linktr.ee/asiaticinternational
Pinterest:
https://rb.gy/ctnn5k
Quora:
https://rb.gy/a745of
Instagram:
https://rb.gy/hvaty1
LinkedIn:
https://rb.gy/4949u7
Shekhar Gupta
Asiatic International Corp
Indore
Products
.jpeg)
Our Service
.jpeg)
Online Airline Career Counselling
Online Airline Career Counselling and Books orchestrated by Captain Shekhar Gupt... Show more
Online Airline Career Counselling
Online Airline Career Counselling and Books orchestrated by Captain Shekhar Gupt... Show more
.jpeg)
Counselling For Airline Pilot Training
Airline Pilot Training By Capt Shekhar Gupta Author / Pilot Pilot's Career... Show more
Gallery
.jpeg)
.jpeg)
Payment QR
No comments:
Post a Comment